Buy Ethyl acetate EtOAc EA Cas 141-78-6
Buy Ethyl acetate EtOAc EA Cas 141-78-6
Ethyl acetate (commonly abbreviated EtOAc or EA) is the organic compound with the formula CH3CO2CH2CH3, simplified to C4H8O2. This flammable, colorless liquid has a characteristic sweet smell (similar to pear drops) and is used in glues, nail polish removers, and the decaffeination process of tea and coffee. Ethyl acetate is the ester of ethanol and acetic acid; it is manufactured on a large scale for use as a solvent.[5]
Production and synthesis
Ethyl acetate was first synthesized by the Count de Lauraguais in 1759 by distilling a mixture of ethanol and acetic acid.[6]
In 2004, an estimated 1.3 million tonnes were produced worldwide.[5][7] The combined annual production in 1985 of Japan, North America, and Europe was about 400,000 tonnes. The global ethyl acetate market was valued at $3.3 billion in 2018.[8]
Ethyl acetate is produced in industry mainly via the classic Fischer esterification reaction of ethanol and acetic acid. This mixture converts to the ester in about 65% yield at room temperature: Buy Ethyl acetate EtOAc EA Cas 141-78-6
- CH3CO2H + CH3CH2OH → CH3CO2CH2CH3 + H2O
The reaction can be accelerated by acid catalysts and the equilibrium can be shifted to the right by removal of water. Buy Ethyl acetate EtOAc EA Cas 141-78-6
It is also prepared in industry using the Tishchenko reaction, by combining two equivalents of acetaldehyde in the presence of an alkoxide catalyst:
- 2 CH3CHO → CH3CO2CH2CH3
It is also manufactured by the alkylation of acetic acid with ethylene, using silicotungstic acid as a catalyst:[9]
- C2H4 + CH3CO2H → CH3CO2C2H5 Buy Ethyl acetate EtOAc EA Cas 141-78-6
Uses
Ethyl acetate is used primarily as a solvent and diluent, being favored because of its low cost, low toxicity, and agreeable odor.[5] For example, it is commonly used to clean circuit boards and in some nail varnish removers (acetone is also used). Coffee beans and tea leaves are decaffeinated with this solvent.[10] It is also used in paints as an activator or hardener. Ethyl acetate is present in confectionery, perfumes, and fruits. In perfumes it evaporates quickly, leaving the scent of the perfume on the skin.
Ethyl acetate is an asphyxiant for use in insect collecting and study.[11] In a killing jar charged with ethyl acetate, the vapors will kill the collected insect quickly without destroying it. Because it is not hygroscopic, ethyl acetate also keeps the insect soft enough to allow proper mounting suitable for a collection. However, ethyl acetate is regarded as potentially doing damage to insect DNA, making specimens processed this way less than ideal for subsequent DNA sequencing.[12] Buy Ethyl acetate EtOAc EA Cas 141-78-6
Laboratory uses
In the laboratory, mixtures containing ethyl acetate are commonly used in column chromatography and extractions.[13] Ethyl acetate is rarely selected as a reaction solvent because it is prone to hydrolysis, transesterification, and condensations. Buy Ethyl acetate EtOAc EA Cas 141-78-6
Occurrence in wines
Ethyl acetate is the most common ester in wine, being the product of the most common volatile organic acid – acetic acid, and the ethyl alcohol generated during the fermentation. The aroma of ethyl acetate is most vivid in younger wines and contributes towards the general perception of “fruitiness” in the wine. Sensitivity varies, with most people having a perception threshold around 120 mg/L. Excessive amounts of ethyl acetate are considered a wine fault.
Reactions
Ethyl acetate is only weakly Lewis basic, like a typical carboxylic acid ester.
Ethyl acetate hydrolyses to give acetic acid and ethanol. Bases accelerate the hydrolysis, which is subject to the Fischer equilibrium mentioned above. In the laboratory, and usually for illustrative purposes only, ethyl esters are typically hydrolyzed in a two-step process starting with a stoichiometric amount of a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide. This reaction gives ethanol and sodium acetate, which is unreactive toward ethanol:
- CH3CO2C2H5 + NaOH → C2H5OH + CH3CO2Na
In the Claisen condensation, anhydrous ethyl acetate and strong bases react to give ethyl acetoacetate:[14]
Properties
Physical properties
Its melting point is −83 °C, with a melting enthalpy of 10.48 kJ/mol. At atmospheric pressure, the compound boils at 77 °C. The vaporization enthalpy at the boiling point is 31.94 kJ/mol. The vapor pressure function follows the Antoine equation
- log10(p)=A−BT+C,
where
- p is the vapor pressure in bars,
- T is the absolute temperature in kelvins, and
- A=4.22809, B=1245.702, C=−55.189 are constants.
This function is valid within the temperature range of 289 to 349 K (16–76 °C).
The enthalpy of vaporization in kJ/mol is calculated according to the empirical equation by Majer and Svoboda[16]
- ΔHvap=Aexp(−βTr)(1−Tr)β,
where
- Tr=T/Tc is the reduced temperature, and Tc = 523.2 K is the critical temperature.
- A = 54.26 kJ/mol and β = 0.2982 are constants.
The following table summarizes the most important thermodynamic properties of ethyl acetate under various conditions.
| Property | Type | Value | Remarks | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Standard enthalpy of formation | ΔfHliquid0 ΔfHgas0 |
−480.57 kJ/mol −445.43 kJ/mol |
as liquid as gas |
[17] |
| Standard entropy | Sliquid0 Sgas0 |
259.4 J/(mol·K) 362.75 J/(mol·K) |
as liquid as gas |
[18][19] |
| Combustion enthalpy | ΔcHliquid0 | −2235.4 kJ/mol | [20] | |
| Heat capacity (25 °C) | cp | 168.94 J/(mol·K) 1.92 J/(g·K) 113.64 J/(mol·K) 1.29 J/(g·K) |
as liquid
as gas |
[21][19] |
| Critical temperature | Tc | 523.2 K | [16] | |
| Critical pressure | pc | 38.82 bar | [22] | |
| Critical density | ρc | 3.497 mol/L | [23] | |
| Acentric factor | ωc | 0.36641 | [24] |
Safety
The LD50 for rats is 5620 mg/kg,[25] indicating low acute toxicity. Given that the chemical is naturally present in many organisms, there is little risk of toxicity.
World Health Organization (WHO) has assessed the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) of ethyl acetate at 25 mg per kg of body weight.[26] This is similar to the ADI of other artificial sweeteners that are friendly and have been commonly used for a long time.[27][28] According to European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), ethyl acetate taken orally is rapidly metabolized and broken down. The half-life in blood after ingestion exposure is known to be approximately 35 seconds.[29]
Overexposure to ethyl acetate may cause irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat. Severe overexposure may cause weakness, drowsiness, and unconsciousness.[30] Humans exposed to a concentration of 400 ppm in 1.4 mg/L ethyl acetate for a short time were affected by nose and throat irritation.[31] Ethyl acetate is an irritant of the conjunctiva and mucous membrane of the respiratory tract. Animal experiments have shown that, at very high concentrations, the ester has central nervous system depressant and lethal effects; at concentrations of 20,000 to 43,000 ppm (2.0–4.3%), there may be pulmonary edema with hemorrhages, symptoms of central nervous system depression, secondary anemia and liver damage. In humans, concentrations of 400 ppm cause irritation of the nose and pharynx; cases have also been known of irritation of the conjunctiva with temporary opacity of the cornea. In rare cases exposure may cause sensitization of the mucous membrane and eruptions of the skin. The irritant effect of ethyl acetate is weaker than that of propyl acetate or butyl acetate.[32]
References
- “ethyl acetate MSDS”.
- NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. “#0260”. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- Record of Ethyl acetate in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, accessed on 7 December 2020.
- “Ethyl acetate”. Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
- Riemenschneider, Wilhelm; Bolt, Hermann M. “Esters, Organic”. Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a09_565.pub2. ISBN 978-3-527-30673-2.
- Parker, Joseph (1832). “The Edinburgh Encyclopaedia”. The Edinburgh Encyclopaedia. 5.
- Dutia, Pankaj (August 10, 2004). “Ethyl Acetate: A Techno-Commercial Profile” (PDF). Chemical Weekly: 184. Retrieved 2009-03-21.
- “”Global Ethyl Acetate Market to be valued at $3.3 billion in 2018″ reports Visiongain”. Visiongain. 2019-09-05. Retrieved 2019-09-05.
- Misono, Makoto (2009). “Recent progress in the practical applications of heteropolyacid and perovskite catalysts: Catalytic technology for the sustainable society”. Catalysis Today. 144 (3–4): 285–291. doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2008.10.054.
- ico.org Archived 2007-04-29 at the Wayback Machine
- Littledyke, M.; Cherrett, J. M. (June 1976). “Direct ingestion of plant sap from cut leaves by the leaf-cutting ants Atta cephalotes (L.) and acromyrmex octospinosus (reich) (Formicidae, Attini)”. Bulletin of Entomological Research. 66 (2): 205–217. doi:10.1017/S0007485300006647. ISSN 1475-2670.
- Cilia, G.; Flaminio, S.; Quaranta, M. (2022). “A novel and non-invasive method for DNA extraction from dry bee specimens”. Scientific Reports. 12 (1): 11679. Bibcode:2022NatSR..1211679C. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-15595-8. PMC 9270346. PMID 35804181.
- Tan, Wei Wen; Wu, Bin; Wei, Ye; Yoshikai, Naohiko (2018). “Copper and Secondary Amine-Catalyzed Pyridine Synthesis from O-Acetyl Oximes and α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes”. Organic Syntheses. 95: 1–14. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.095.0001.
- Inglis, J. K. H.; Roberts, K. C. (1926). “Ethyl Acetoacetate”. Org. Synth. 6: 36. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.006.0036.
- Burcat, Alexander; Branko, Ruscic (2023). Third millenium ideal gas and condensed phase thermochemical database for combustion (with update from active thermochemical tables) (Report). Argonne National Lab.(ANL), Argonne, IL (United St
ETHYL ACETATE Extra Pure
EtOAc ,Acetic acid ethyl ester; Acetic ether; Acetidin; Acetoxyethane; Ethyl acetic ester; Ethyl ethanoate; Vinegar naphtha
Packings
500 ml (00500)
1000 ml (01000)
2500 ml (02500)
25 Liters (0025K)
200 Liters (0200K)
2500 ml (02500)
2500 ml (02500)
Ethyl Acetate Natural
- Cas No- 141-78-6
- INCI.- ETHYL ACETATE
Elixi-CARE EA appears as a clear, colorless liquid that gives off a fruity smell and has high flammability levels. It has an important role as a solvent in adhesives, paints, or coatings, and it can be used to substitute aromatic solvents such as toluene.
Two different grades of Elixi-CARE EA are available. One semi natural grade where only the ethanol comes from natural origin, and a 100% natural grade where both ethanol and acetic acid comes from natural origin.
Applications for Elixi-CARE EA are Paints, Varnishes, Lacquers, Detergent and Perfumes.
Shelf Life
Under proper storage conditions, the shelf life is 12 months.
| Article No. | 00137 | Grade | Extra Pure |
| Purity | 99.5% | CAS No. | 141-78-6 |
| Molecular Formula | C4H8O2 | Molecular Weight | 88.11 |
| H.S. Code | 2915.3100 | Shelf Life | 60 Months |
Physical Properties
| Physical state at 20 °C | Liquid | Colour | Clear Colorless | ||||
| Odour | Fruity odor | Melting point/ Freezing point [°C] | -83°C | ||||
| Decomposition point [°C] | 426°C | Flammability (solid, gas) | Flammable | ||||
| Flash point [°C] | -4°C | Boiling point [°C] | 77°C | ||||
| Evaporation rate | 6 | Vapour pressure mm/Hg | 76 @ 20C | ||||
| Vapour density | 3 | Density [g/cm3] | 0.902 | ||||
| Solubility in water [% weight] | 1 ml/10ml water @ 25C | Explosion limits – upper [%] | 11.50% | ||||
| Explosion limits -lower [%] | 2% | ||||||
Specifications
| Appearance | A clear Colourless liquid | Purity (by GC) | Min 99.5% |
| Weight/ mL at 20°C | 0.899 – 0.904 g/mL | Refractive index (20°C; 589 nm) | 1.370 – 1.373 |
| Water (by KF) | Max 0.1% | Non-volatile matter | Max 0.003% |
Safety Information and Hazard Symbols
 |
 |
Signal Word: Danger
UN No.: 1173
IMCO Class No.: 3
Packing Group: II
Hazardous Statement: H225-H319-H336
Precaution Statement: P210-P261-P305 + P351 + P338
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